Varicella zoster virus, PCR-quality

Why this test?

For the diagnosis of chicken pox and shingles.

For differential diagnosis (along with other tests) for suspected enterovirus infections (Coxsackie, ECHO viruses), common herpes simplex, impetigo, insect bites, urticaria, rabies, contact dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, ringworm, drug-induced skin lesions, secondary syphilis, erythema multiforme .

In what cases is it prescribed?

With symptoms of chicken pox or shingles.

Test information

The Varicella Zoster virus is a type 3 herpes virus that belongs to the Herpesviridae family. It causes chicken pox or shingles, transmitted by contact (through contaminated household items) or airborne. After entering the body, the virus multiplies in the lymphoid tissue of the respiratory tract, then enters the blood, after which skin lesions develop in the form of a vesicular rash and other manifestations of chicken pox (chicken pox). The disease occurs most often in childhood.

During pregnancy, the virus can cause developmental defects in the fetus and even its death (if the infection occurred late). In primary infection, Varicella Zoster reaches the spinal sensory ganglia, where it can remain asymptomatic for years. Under certain conditions (reduced immunity, etc.), as a rule, in adults, the virus can reactivate. This is manifested by shingles - rashes on the skin (in the area of the affected nerve), accompanied by severe neuralgic pains.

The most sensitive and specific methods of diagnosis of Varicella Zoster are molecular genetic studies, especially polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Its principle is based on a multiple increase in the number of copies of a DNA section specific for this pathogen. PCR allows to detect the causative agent even when its quantity is small, for example in case of latent infection of nerve ganglia.